Category: Personal

Understanding Exceptional Circumstances in Spouse or Partner Visa Applications

When someone wants to bring their spouse or partner to the UK, they usually need to meet certain rules called Appendix FM. These rules include financial requirements, proof of a genuine relationship, and sometimes English language skills. But what happens if the sponsor cannot meet these rules? This is where “exceptional circumstances” come into play.

What Are Exceptional Circumstances?

Exceptional circumstances mean special situations where the usual rules cannot be met, but refusing the visa would cause very serious problems for the applicant or their family. This is linked to Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which protects the right to family and private life.

To succeed under exceptional circumstances, the applicant must prove that refusing their visa would lead to “unjustifiably harsh consequences.” This is a high standard it’s not enough to show that the situation is difficult or unusual.

What Rules Still Apply?

Even if you apply under exceptional circumstances, you must still meet some basic rules:

• The relationship between the applicant and sponsor must be genuine.
• The applicant must be suitable to enter or stay in the UK (no serious criminal history or deportation orders).
• Some eligibility criteria like relationship proof and accommodation must be met.

However, financial and English language requirements can sometimes be waived if exceptional circumstances are proven.

Financial Requirements and Exceptions

Normally, sponsors must earn a minimum income (£18,600 or £29,000 depending on the application date) to bring their partner to the UK. If they don’t meet this, they can try to use other sources of income, such as:

• Financial support from a third party (like a family member).
• Future earnings from employment or self-employment.
• Other reliable sources of income or funds.

But the Home Office will only consider these if refusing the visa would cause very serious hardship.

Other Exceptions

If the sponsor and applicant meet financial requirements but fail other parts of Appendix FM, they can still apply under exceptional circumstances. The Home Office will look at whether refusal would cause harsh consequences for the applicant, their partner, or children involved.

If children are involved, their best interests must be a primary consideration.

Examples of Exceptional Circumstances

• A partner caring for a child with special needs who cannot move abroad.
• A couple facing serious religious persecution if forced to live outside the UK.
• A sponsor with refugee status who cannot return to their home country.

What Does “Insurmountable Obstacles” Mean?

For partners applying to stay in the UK, if there are “insurmountable obstacles” to living together outside the UK, the Home Office may grant leave. This means very serious difficulties or hardships that cannot be overcome.

What Happens If Your Application Is Successful?

If granted leave under exceptional circumstances:

• The applicant usually gets leave for 30 or 33 months.
• They must wait 10 years before applying for indefinite leave to remain (settlement), instead of the usual 5 years.
• They cannot claim public funds but can work.
• Later, if they meet all normal requirements, they can switch to the 5-year route to settlement.

Final Thoughts

Applying under exceptional circumstances is challenging and requires strong evidence. It is important to show that refusal would cause serious harm, not just inconvenience. Kash Legal Services can help you prepare a strong application by gathering the right evidence and explaining your situation clearly.

If you or your partner face difficulties meeting the usual visa rules, don’t lose hope. Exceptional circumstances may provide a way to stay together in the UK. For expert advice and support with your spouse or partner visa application, contact Kash Legal Services today.

In a recent case, a man named Mr. Tomlinson faced a heartbreaking situation after winning his appeal for a UK spouse visa. This case, known as R (Tomlinson) v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2025] EWCA Civ, highlights the challenges many face in the immigration system.

Mr. Tomlinson applied for a visa to join his wife in the UK. Unfortunately, his application was denied, leaving him separated from his loved one. He decided to appeal the decision, hoping to reunite with his wife. After a long wait, the Court of Appeal finally ruled in his favor, granting him the right to enter the UK as a spouse.

However, this victory came with a heavy heart. By the time the court made its decision, Mr. Tomlinson’s wife had tragically passed away. This meant that while he won the legal battle, the emotional toll was immense. The victory was bittersweet, as it could not bring back the love he had lost.

The case revolved around Mr. Tomlinson, a Jamaican national who had previously overstayed his visa and faced deportation. After marrying a British citizen, he applied for a spouse visa to join her in the UK. His application was initially denied due to his past criminal conviction, leading him to appeal the decision. The Court of Appeal ultimately ruled in his favor, stating that the Home Office had failed to consider a previous tribunal’s findings regarding his circumstances.

This case serves as a reminder of the complexities and emotional struggles involved in immigration processes. Many people like Mr. Tomlinson face long waits and uncertainty, which can have devastating effects on their lives and relationships.

At Kash Legal Services, we understand the importance of timely and compassionate support in immigration matters. We strive to help individuals navigate the system and achieve their goals. If you or someone you know is facing challenges with immigration or visa applications, please reach out to us. We are here to help you every step of the way.

 In these situations, you may qualify to apply for Indefinite Leave to Remain, or ILR, which would allow you to stay in the UK permanently.

To be eligible, you’ll need to:

Have held a spouse or partner visa based on your relationship with a British citizen, settled person, EU national with pre-settled status, or refugee.

Show that your relationship ended because of domestic abuse.

Apply from within the UK.

What Counts as Domestic Abuse?

Domestic abuse includes physical violence, emotional and psychological control, financial manipulation, or harassment etc. Evidence of these behaviours, like police reports or medical records, can support your application.

If you need immediate support, the Destitution Domestic Violence Concession  offers three months of temporary leave and access to public funds. This allows you time to prepare and submit your ILR application.

Steps to Apply for ILR

Complete the Application Online.

Submit Documents: Include your passport, evidence of the relationship breakdown, and proof of abuse.

Processing typically takes up to six months, during which time you may receive support under the DDVC.

If your ILR application is refused, options include administrative review or judicial review if there’s reason to believe an error was made.

HOWEVER, There are exceptions to this rule:

If your visa is due to expire in less than 60 days, they may not extend it.
If the relationship breakdown involved domestic violence, the Home Office may allow additional time to apply under a special provision.

If your relationship ended due to domestic abuse, there is a specific route that may allow you to stay in the UK permanently. The Domestic Violence Concession enables APPLIANT to apply for indefinite leave to remain (ILR) DUE TO DOMESTIC abuse.

• If your visa is curtailed and you are given the 60-day period, here are some routes that could allow you to remain in the UK:
• If you are employed, switching to a Skilled Worker visa may be an option.
• If you have a child who is British, settled, or has lived in the UK for at least seven years, you may qualify to stay as a parent.
• If you’ve lived in the UK legally for 10 years, you may qualify for ILR under the long residence route.
• If you’ve been in the UK for 20 years, or if there are significant obstacles to returning to your home country, the private life route may be an option.
• Each of these routes has specific requirements, so it’s advisable to review them carefully or seek professional advice to determine the best course of action